Themes & purpose (show)
Themes and purpose:
This Madinan surah addresses the grave challenges faced by the Muslim community during and after the Battle of the Trench, also known as the Battle of the Confederates. Its primary purposes are to expose the nature of the hypocrites; reform foundational social bonds by abolishing the pre-Islamic law of adoption; affirm the sanctity of the Prophet’s household; and legislate intersocial norms to protect the community.
Context of Revelation:
Era: Madinan by unanimous agreement, though ayah 36 (revealed in connection with Zaynab bint Jaḥsh’s marriage to Zayd ibn Ḥārithah) must have been revealed in Makkah and then incorporated in this surah later on. The surah was revealed after the Battle of the Confederates (al-Aḥzāb), which has been dated by many to 5 AH. However, the more correct date according to Ibn ʿĀshūr is 4 AH, reported from Imam Mālik.
Context: It was revealed to address the events and aftermath of the great siege of Madinah by the combined Arab "confederates" (al-aḥzāb), and to introduce key social rulings concerning the Prophet (ﷺ) and his family, most notably the abolition of adoption in the case of Zayd ibn Ḥārithah [37].
Order of Revelation: It has been counted as the 90th surah in the order of revelation, revealed after Sūrat al-Anfāl and before al-Mā’idah.
Name and Ayah Count:
Name: "Sūrat al-Aḥzāb" (The Confederates/Parties). It is named for the main event it describes: the gathering of the confederate armies of the Quraysh, Ghaṭafān and others, who besieged Madinah in 4 or 5 AH.
Ayah Count: 73 ayahs by unanimous agreement.
Surah Overview:
- Prophetic Ethics: Commanding the Prophet ﷺ to obey revelation, rely on Allah, and not yield to the disbelievers and hypocrites; much of the surah is a rebuttal to their harmful speech. [1-3, 48]
- Abolishing Adoption: The central social ruling, abolishing the pre-Islamic practice of adoption, repudiating ẓihār (declaring one’s wife “as a mother”), and confirming the truth of kinship. [4-5]
- Prophetic Authority & Kinship Order: Establishing that the Prophet ﷺ has the strongest claim over the believers, that his wives have the sanctity of mothers, and that this divinely ordained connection is weightier than ordinary kinship ties, with inheritance returning to blood-relatives. [6]
- Recalling the solemn covenant taken from the prophets. [7-8]
- The Battle of the Trench: Recounting Allah's intervention in the siege, including the dispatch of a wind and angels to defeat the enemies. [9-27]
- Exposing Hypocrisy: Unmasking the hypocrites’ defeatism, destabilizing talk, and ill-will during the ordeal. [12-20]
- The Prophet ﷺ as Exemplar: Directing the believers to take the Prophet ﷺ as the model to imitate in trial and obedience. [21]
- Praising Steadfastness: Commending the believers’ truthfulness and steadfastness in defending the faith, and the constancy of those who strive, give their lives and fulfil their ultimate commitment. [23-24]
- The Prophet’s Household: Transitioning into rulings on living with the Prophet’s wives, their virtue, and the honor of the Prophet’s family, setting a higher moral standard within the Prophetic home. [28-34]
- Affirming that the believers’ spiritual virtues and their promised reward apply to believing men and women alike, establishing that the general rule is that all addresses apply to both genders unless specified otherwise. [35]
- Divine Decree: Affirming that believers have no choice but to submit wholeheartedly once Allah and His Messenger decree a matter. [36]
- Adoption Abolished in Practice (Zayd and Zaynab): Completing the reform by removing the social taboo exploited by the hypocrites, and sealing the matter with the Prophet’s legislative role and status. [37-40]
- Dhikr and Gratitude: Stirring the believers to abundant remembrance and glorification of Allah as thanks for guidance and deliverance. [41-44]
- Marriage/Divorce Law & Prophet-Specific Rulings: Ruling divorce before consummation and Prophet‑specific marriage rulings. [49-52]
- Etiquette with the Prophet’s Household: Regulating entry to the Prophet’s home and conduct therein, requiring speaking to his wives from behind a screen, clarifying who may enter upon them, and forbidding marriage to them after him. [53-55]
- Honouring the Prophet: Commanding the believers to send prayers and peace upon the Prophet (ﷺ) as Allah and His angels do. [56]
- Offending Allah and His Messenger: Threatening those who give offence to Allah and His Messenger (ﷺ) with Allah’s curse in this world and the Hereafter, and a humiliating punishment. [57]
- Slandering Believers: Warning those who give offence to believing men and women by baseless accusation, bearing clear sin and calumny. [58]
- Commanding modest dress for the ladies of the Prophet’s household and all believing women when they go out. [59]
- Threatening hypocrites and rumor-spreaders who agitate Madinah with fear and false reports, if they do not desist. [60-62]
- Commanding piety and truthful speech, warning not to be like those who caused offense to Musa, and concluding with the Trust placed upon humanity and its outcome: punishment for hypocrites and polytheists, and mercy for believers. [69-73]
يَٰٓأَيُّهَاO ProphetٱلنَّبِىُّO ProphetٱتَّقِFearٱللَّهَAllahوَلَاand (do) notتُطِعِobeyٱلْكَٰفِرِينَthe disbelieversوَٱلْمُنَٰفِقِينَand the hypocritesإِنَّIndeedٱللَّهَAllahكَانَisعَلِيمًاAll-KnowerحَكِيمًاAll-Wise1
وَٱتَّبِعْAnd followمَاwhatيُوحَىٰٓis inspiredإِلَيْكَto youمِنfromرَّبِّكَyour LordإِنَّIndeedٱللَّهَAllahكَانَisبِمَاof whatتَعْمَلُونَyou doخَبِيرًاAll-Aware2
وَتَوَكَّلْAnd put your trustعَلَىinٱللَّهِAllahوَكَفَىٰAnd Allah is sufficientبِٱللَّهِAnd Allah is sufficientوَكِيلًا(as) Disposer of affairs3
مَّاNotجَعَلَAllah (has) madeٱللَّهُAllah (has) madeلِرَجُلٍfor any manمِّن[of]قَلْبَيْنِtwo heartsفِىinجَوْفِهِۦhis interiorوَمَاAnd notجَعَلَHe (has) madeأَزْوَٰجَكُمُyour wivesٱلَّٰٓـِٔىwhomتُظَٰهِرُونَyou declare unlawfulمِنْهُنَّ[of them]أُمَّهَٰتِكُمْ(as) your mothersوَمَاAnd notجَعَلَHe has madeأَدْعِيَآءَكُمْyour adopted sonsأَبْنَآءَكُمْyour sonsذَٰلِكُمْThatقَوْلُكُم(is) your sayingبِأَفْوَٰهِكُمْby your mouthsوَٱللَّهُbut Allahيَقُولُsaysٱلْحَقَّthe truthوَهُوَand Heيَهْدِىguidesٱلسَّبِيلَ(to) the Way4
ٱدْعُوهُمْCall themلِءَابَآئِهِمْby their fathersهُوَitأَقْسَطُ(is) more justعِندَnearٱللَّهِAllahفَإِنBut ifلَّمْnotتَعْلَمُوٓا۟you knowءَابَآءَهُمْtheir fathers فَإِخْوَٰنُكُمْthen (they are) your brothersفِىinٱلدِّينِ[the] religionوَمَوَٰلِيكُمْand your friendsوَلَيْسَBut not isعَلَيْكُمْupon youجُنَاحٌany blameفِيمَآin whatأَخْطَأْتُمyou made a mistakeبِهِۦin itوَلَٰكِنbutمَّاwhatتَعَمَّدَتْintendedقُلُوبُكُمْyour heartsوَكَانَAnd AllahٱللَّهُAnd Allahغَفُورًا(is) Oft-ForgivingرَّحِيمًاMost Merciful5
ٱلنَّبِىُّThe Prophetأَوْلَىٰ(is) closerبِٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَto the believersمِنْthanأَنفُسِهِمْtheir own selvesوَأَزْوَٰجُهُۥٓand his wivesأُمَّهَٰتُهُمْ(are) their mothersوَأُو۟لُوا۟And possessorsٱلْأَرْحَامِ(of) relationshipsبَعْضُهُمْsome of themأَوْلَىٰ(are) closerبِبَعْضٍto anotherفِىinكِتَٰبِ(the) Decreeٱللَّهِ(of) Allahمِنَthanٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَthe believersوَٱلْمُهَٰجِرِينَand the emigrantsإِلَّآexceptأَنthatتَفْعَلُوٓا۟you doإِلَىٰٓtoأَوْلِيَآئِكُمyour friendsمَّعْرُوفًاa kindnessكَانَThat isذَٰلِكَThat isفِىinٱلْكِتَٰبِthe Bookمَسْطُورًاwritten6
وَإِذْAnd whenأَخَذْنَاWe tookمِنَfromٱلنَّبِيِّۦنَthe Prophetsمِيثَٰقَهُمْtheir Covenantوَمِنكَand from youوَمِنand fromنُّوحٍNuhوَإِبْرَٰهِيمَand Ibrahimوَمُوسَىٰand Musaوَعِيسَىand Isaٱبْنِsonمَرْيَمَ(of) MaryamوَأَخَذْنَاAnd We tookمِنْهُمfrom themمِّيثَٰقًاa covenantغَلِيظًاstrong7
لِّيَسْـَٔلَThat He may askٱلصَّٰدِقِينَthe truthfulعَنaboutصِدْقِهِمْtheir truthوَأَعَدَّAnd He has preparedلِلْكَٰفِرِينَfor the disbelieversعَذَابًاa punishmentأَلِيمًاpainful8
يَٰٓأَيُّهَاO youٱلَّذِينَwhoءَامَنُوا۟believeٱذْكُرُوا۟Rememberنِعْمَةَ(the) Favorٱللَّهِ(of) Allahعَلَيْكُمْupon youإِذْwhenجَآءَتْكُمْcame to youجُنُودٌ(the) hostsفَأَرْسَلْنَاand We sentعَلَيْهِمْupon themرِيحًاa windوَجُنُودًاand hostsلَّمْnotتَرَوْهَاyou (could) see themوَكَانَAnd Allah isٱللَّهُAnd Allah isبِمَاof whatتَعْمَلُونَyou doبَصِيرًاAll-Seer9
إِذْWhenجَآءُوكُمthey came upon youمِّنfromفَوْقِكُمْabove youوَمِنْand fromأَسْفَلَbelowمِنكُمْyouوَإِذْand whenزَاغَتِgrew wildٱلْأَبْصَٰرُthe eyesوَبَلَغَتِand reachedٱلْقُلُوبُthe heartsٱلْحَنَاجِرَthe throatsوَتَظُنُّونَand you assumedبِٱللَّهِabout Allahٱلظُّنُونَاthe assumptions10
هُنَالِكَThere ٱبْتُلِىَwere triedٱلْمُؤْمِنُونَthe believersوَزُلْزِلُوا۟and shakenزِلْزَالًا(with a) shakeشَدِيدًاsevere11
وَإِذْAnd whenيَقُولُsaidٱلْمُنَٰفِقُونَthe hypocritesوَٱلَّذِينَand thoseفِىinقُلُوبِهِمtheir heartsمَّرَضٌ(was) a diseaseمَّاNotوَعَدَنَاAllah promised usٱللَّهُAllah promised usوَرَسُولُهُۥٓand His messengerإِلَّاexceptغُرُورًاdelusion12
وَإِذْAnd whenقَالَتsaidطَّآئِفَةٌa partyمِّنْهُمْof themيَٰٓأَهْلَO Peopleيَثْرِبَ(of) YathribلَاNoمُقَامَstandلَكُمْfor youفَٱرْجِعُوا۟so returnوَيَسْتَـْٔذِنُAnd asked permissionفَرِيقٌa groupمِّنْهُمُof themٱلنَّبِىَّ(from) the ProphetيَقُولُونَsayingإِنَّIndeedبُيُوتَنَاour housesعَوْرَةٌ(are) exposedوَمَاand notهِىَtheyبِعَوْرَةٍ(were) exposedإِنNotيُرِيدُونَthey wishedإِلَّاbutفِرَارًاto flee13
وَلَوْAnd ifدُخِلَتْhad been enteredعَلَيْهِمupon themمِّنْfromأَقْطَارِهَاall its sidesثُمَّthenسُئِلُوا۟they had been askedٱلْفِتْنَةَthe treacheryلَءَاتَوْهَاthey (would) have certainly done itوَمَاand notتَلَبَّثُوا۟they (would) have hesitatedبِهَآover itإِلَّاexceptيَسِيرًاa little14
وَلَقَدْAnd certainlyكَانُوا۟they hadعَٰهَدُوا۟promisedٱللَّهَAllahمِنbeforeقَبْلُbeforeلَاnotيُوَلُّونَthey would turnٱلْأَدْبَٰرَtheir backsوَكَانَAnd isعَهْدُ(the) promiseٱللَّهِ(to) Allahمَسْـُٔولًاto be questioned15
قُلSayلَّنNeverيَنفَعَكُمُwill benefit youٱلْفِرَارُthe fleeingإِنifفَرَرْتُمyou fleeمِّنَfromٱلْمَوْتِdeathأَوِorٱلْقَتْلِkillingوَإِذًاand thenلَّاnotتُمَتَّعُونَyou will be allowed to enjoyإِلَّاexceptقَلِيلًاa little16
قُلْSayمَنWhoذَا(is) it thatٱلَّذِى(is) it thatيَعْصِمُكُم(can) protect youمِّنَfromٱللَّهِAllahإِنْIfأَرَادَHe intendsبِكُمْfor youسُوٓءًاany harmأَوْorأَرَادَHe intendsبِكُمْfor youرَحْمَةًa mercyوَلَاAnd notيَجِدُونَthey will findلَهُمfor themمِّنbesidesدُونِbesidesٱللَّهِAllahوَلِيًّاany protectorوَلَاand notنَصِيرًاany helper17
قَدْVerilyيَعْلَمُAllah knowsٱللَّهُAllah knowsٱلْمُعَوِّقِينَthose who hinderمِنكُمْamong youوَٱلْقَآئِلِينَand those who sayلِإِخْوَٰنِهِمْto their brothersهَلُمَّComeإِلَيْنَاto usوَلَاand notيَأْتُونَthey comeٱلْبَأْسَ(to) the battleإِلَّاexceptقَلِيلًاa few18
أَشِحَّةًMiserlyعَلَيْكُمْtowards youفَإِذَاBut whenجَآءَcomesٱلْخَوْفُthe fearرَأَيْتَهُمْyou see themيَنظُرُونَlookingإِلَيْكَat youتَدُورُrevolvingأَعْيُنُهُمْtheir eyesكَٱلَّذِىlike one whoيُغْشَىٰfaintsعَلَيْهِfaintsمِنَfromٱلْمَوْتِ[the] deathفَإِذَاBut whenذَهَبَdepartsٱلْخَوْفُthe fearسَلَقُوكُمthey smite youبِأَلْسِنَةٍwith tonguesحِدَادٍsharpأَشِحَّةًmiserlyعَلَىtowardsٱلْخَيْرِthe goodأُو۟لَٰٓئِكَThose لَمْnotيُؤْمِنُوا۟they have believedفَأَحْبَطَso Allah made worthlessٱللَّهُso Allah made worthlessأَعْمَٰلَهُمْtheir deedsوَكَانَAnd isذَٰلِكَthatعَلَىforٱللَّهِAllahيَسِيرًاeasy19
يَحْسَبُونَThey thinkٱلْأَحْزَابَthe confederatesلَمْ(have) notيَذْهَبُوا۟withdrawnوَإِنAnd ifيَأْتِ(should) comeٱلْأَحْزَابُthe confederatesيَوَدُّوا۟they would wishلَوْifأَنَّهُمthat they (were)بَادُونَliving in (the) desertفِىamongٱلْأَعْرَابِthe Bedouinsيَسْـَٔلُونَaskingعَنْaboutأَنۢبَآئِكُمْyour newsوَلَوْAnd ifكَانُوا۟they wereفِيكُمamong youمَّاnotقَٰتَلُوٓا۟they would fightإِلَّاexceptقَلِيلًاa little20
لَّقَدْCertainlyكَانَisلَكُمْfor youفِىinرَسُولِ(the) Messengerٱللَّهِ(of) Allahأُسْوَةٌan excellent exampleحَسَنَةٌan excellent exampleلِّمَنfor (one) whoكَانَhasيَرْجُوا۟hopeٱللَّهَ(in) Allahوَٱلْيَوْمَand the Dayٱلْءَاخِرَthe Lastوَذَكَرَand remembersٱللَّهَAllahكَثِيرًاmuch21
وَلَمَّاAnd whenرَءَاsawٱلْمُؤْمِنُونَthe believersٱلْأَحْزَابَthe confederatesقَالُوا۟they saidهَٰذَاThisمَا(is) whatوَعَدَنَاAllah promised usٱللَّهُAllah promised usوَرَسُولُهُۥand His Messengerوَصَدَقَand Allah spoke the truthٱللَّهُand Allah spoke the truthوَرَسُولُهُۥand His MessengerوَمَاAnd notزَادَهُمْit increased themإِلَّآexceptإِيمَٰنًا(in) faithوَتَسْلِيمًاand submission22
مِّنَAmongٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَthe believersرِجَالٌ(are) menصَدَقُوا۟(who) have been trueمَا(to) whatعَٰهَدُوا۟they promised Allahٱللَّهَthey promised Allahعَلَيْهِ[on it]فَمِنْهُمAnd among themمَّن(is he) whoقَضَىٰhas fulfilledنَحْبَهُۥhis vowوَمِنْهُمand among themمَّن(is he) whoيَنتَظِرُawaitsوَمَاAnd notبَدَّلُوا۟they alterتَبْدِيلًا(by) any alteration 23
لِّيَجْزِىَThat Allah may rewardٱللَّهُThat Allah may rewardٱلصَّٰدِقِينَthe truthfulبِصِدْقِهِمْfor their truthوَيُعَذِّبَand punishٱلْمُنَٰفِقِينَthe hypocritesإِنifشَآءَHe willsأَوْorيَتُوبَturn in mercyعَلَيْهِمْto themإِنَّIndeedٱللَّهَAllahكَانَisغَفُورًاOft-ForgivingرَّحِيمًاMost Merciful24
وَرَدَّAnd Allah turned backٱللَّهُAnd Allah turned backٱلَّذِينَthose whoكَفَرُوا۟disbelievedبِغَيْظِهِمْin their rageلَمْnotيَنَالُوا۟they obtainedخَيْرًاany goodوَكَفَىAnd sufficient isٱللَّهُAllahٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ(for) the believersٱلْقِتَالَ(in) the battleوَكَانَand Allah isٱللَّهُand Allah isقَوِيًّاAll-StrongعَزِيزًاAll-Mighty25
وَأَنزَلَAnd He brought downٱلَّذِينَthose whoظَٰهَرُوهُمbacked themمِّنْamongأَهْلِ(the) Peopleٱلْكِتَٰبِ(of) the Scriptureمِنfromصَيَاصِيهِمْtheir fortressesوَقَذَفَand castفِىintoقُلُوبِهِمُtheir heartsٱلرُّعْبَ[the] terrorفَرِيقًاa groupتَقْتُلُونَyou killedوَتَأْسِرُونَand you took captiveفَرِيقًاa group26
وَأَوْرَثَكُمْAnd He caused you to inheritأَرْضَهُمْtheir landوَدِيَٰرَهُمْand their housesوَأَمْوَٰلَهُمْand their propertiesوَأَرْضًاand a landلَّمْnotتَطَـُٔوهَاyou (had) troddenوَكَانَAnd Allah isٱللَّهُAnd Allah isعَلَىٰonكُلِّeveryشَىْءٍthingقَدِيرًاAll-Powerful27
يَٰٓأَيُّهَاO ProphetٱلنَّبِىُّO ProphetقُلSayلِّأَزْوَٰجِكَto your wivesإِنIfكُنتُنَّyouتُرِدْنَdesireٱلْحَيَوٰةَthe lifeٱلدُّنْيَا(of) the worldوَزِينَتَهَاand its adornmentفَتَعَالَيْنَthen comeأُمَتِّعْكُنَّI will provide for youوَأُسَرِّحْكُنَّand release youسَرَاحًا(with) a releaseجَمِيلًاgood28
وَإِنBut ifكُنتُنَّyouتُرِدْنَdesireٱللَّهَAllahوَرَسُولَهُۥand His Messengerوَٱلدَّارَand the Homeٱلْءَاخِرَةَ(of) the Hereafterفَإِنَّthen indeedٱللَّهَAllahأَعَدَّhas preparedلِلْمُحْسِنَٰتِfor the good-doersمِنكُنَّamong youأَجْرًاa rewardعَظِيمًاgreat29
يَٰنِسَآءَO wivesٱلنَّبِىِّ(of) the ProphetمَنWhoeverيَأْتِcommitsمِنكُنَّfrom youبِفَٰحِشَةٍimmoralityمُّبَيِّنَةٍclearيُضَٰعَفْwill be doubledلَهَاfor herٱلْعَذَابُthe punishmentضِعْفَيْنِtwo foldوَكَانَAnd that isذَٰلِكَAnd that isعَلَىforٱللَّهِAllahيَسِيرًاeasy30
وَمَنAnd whoeverيَقْنُتْis obedientمِنكُنَّamong youلِلَّهِto Allahوَرَسُولِهِۦand His Messengerوَتَعْمَلْand doesصَٰلِحًاrighteousnessنُّؤْتِهَآWe will give herأَجْرَهَاher rewardمَرَّتَيْنِtwiceوَأَعْتَدْنَاand We have preparedلَهَاfor herرِزْقًاa provisionكَرِيمًاnoble31
يَٰنِسَآءَO wivesٱلنَّبِىِّ(of) the ProphetلَسْتُنَّYou are notكَأَحَدٍlike anyoneمِّنَamongٱلنِّسَآءِthe womenإِنِIfٱتَّقَيْتُنَّyou fear (Allah)فَلَاthen (do) notتَخْضَعْنَbe softبِٱلْقَوْلِin speechفَيَطْمَعَlest should be moved with desireٱلَّذِىhe whoفِىinقَلْبِهِۦhis heartمَرَضٌ(is) a diseaseوَقُلْنَbut sayقَوْلًاa wordمَّعْرُوفًاappropriate32
وَقَرْنَAnd stayفِىinبُيُوتِكُنَّyour housesوَلَاand (do) notتَبَرَّجْنَdisplay yourselvesتَبَرُّجَ(as was the) displayٱلْجَٰهِلِيَّةِ(of the times of) ignoranceٱلْأُولَىٰthe formerوَأَقِمْنَAnd establishٱلصَّلَوٰةَthe prayerوَءَاتِينَand giveٱلزَّكَوٰةَzakahوَأَطِعْنَand obeyٱللَّهَAllahوَرَسُولَهُۥٓand His MessengerإِنَّمَاOnlyيُرِيدُAllah wishesٱللَّهُAllah wishesلِيُذْهِبَto removeعَنكُمُfrom youٱلرِّجْسَthe impurityأَهْلَ(O) Peopleٱلْبَيْتِ(of) the HouseوَيُطَهِّرَكُمْAnd to purify youتَطْهِيرًا(with thorough) purification33
وَٱذْكُرْنَAnd rememberمَاwhatيُتْلَىٰis recitedفِىinبُيُوتِكُنَّyour housesمِنْofءَايَٰتِ(the) Versesٱللَّهِ(of) Allahوَٱلْحِكْمَةِand the wisdomإِنَّIndeedٱللَّهَAllahكَانَisلَطِيفًاAll-SubtleخَبِيرًاAll-Aware34
إِنَّIndeedٱلْمُسْلِمِينَthe Muslim menوَٱلْمُسْلِمَٰتِand the Muslim womenوَٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَand the believing menوَٱلْمُؤْمِنَٰتِand the believing womenوَٱلْقَٰنِتِينَand the obedient menوَٱلْقَٰنِتَٰتِand the obedient womenوَٱلصَّٰدِقِينَand the truthful menوَٱلصَّٰدِقَٰتِand the truthful womenوَٱلصَّٰبِرِينَand the patient menوَٱلصَّٰبِرَٰتِand the patient womenوَٱلْخَٰشِعِينَand the humble menوَٱلْخَٰشِعَٰتِand the humble womenوَٱلْمُتَصَدِّقِينَand the men who give charityوَٱلْمُتَصَدِّقَٰتِand the women who give charityوَٱلصَّٰٓئِمِينَand the men who fastوَٱلصَّٰٓئِمَٰتِand the women who fastوَٱلْحَٰفِظِينَand the men who guardفُرُوجَهُمْtheir chastityوَٱلْحَٰفِظَٰتِand the women who guard (it)وَٱلذَّٰكِرِينَand the men who rememberٱللَّهَAllahكَثِيرًاmuchوَٱلذَّٰكِرَٰتِand the women who rememberأَعَدَّAllah has preparedٱللَّهُAllah has preparedلَهُمfor themمَّغْفِرَةًforgivenessوَأَجْرًاand a rewardعَظِيمًاgreat35
وَمَاAnd notكَانَ(it) isلِمُؤْمِنٍfor a believing manوَلَاand notمُؤْمِنَةٍ(for) a believing womanإِذَاwhenقَضَىAllah has decidedٱللَّهُAllah has decidedوَرَسُولُهُۥٓand His Messengerأَمْرًاa matterأَنthatيَكُونَ(there) should beلَهُمُfor themٱلْخِيَرَةُ(any) choiceمِنْaboutأَمْرِهِمْtheir affairوَمَنAnd whoeverيَعْصِdisobeysٱللَّهَAllahوَرَسُولَهُۥand His Messengerفَقَدْcertainlyضَلَّhe (has) strayedضَلَٰلًا(into) errorمُّبِينًاclear36
وَإِذْAnd whenتَقُولُyou saidلِلَّذِىٓto the oneأَنْعَمَAllah bestowed favorٱللَّهُAllah bestowed favorعَلَيْهِon himوَأَنْعَمْتَand you bestowed favorعَلَيْهِon himأَمْسِكْKeepعَلَيْكَto yourselfزَوْجَكَyour wifeوَٱتَّقِand fearٱللَّهَAllahوَتُخْفِىBut you concealedفِىwithinنَفْسِكَyourselfمَاwhatٱللَّهُAllahمُبْدِيهِ(was to) discloseوَتَخْشَىAnd you fearٱلنَّاسَthe peopleوَٱللَّهُwhile Allahأَحَقُّhas more rightأَنthatتَخْشَىٰهُyou (should) fear HimفَلَمَّاSo whenقَضَىٰendedزَيْدٌZaidمِّنْهَاfrom herوَطَرًاnecessary (formalities)زَوَّجْنَٰكَهَاWe married her to youلِكَىْso thatلَاnotيَكُونَthere beعَلَىonٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَthe believersحَرَجٌany discomfortفِىٓconcerningأَزْوَٰجِthe wivesأَدْعِيَآئِهِمْ(of) their adopted sonsإِذَاwhenقَضَوْا۟they have endedمِنْهُنَّfrom themوَطَرًاnecessary (formalities)وَكَانَAnd isأَمْرُ(the) Commandٱللَّهِ(of) Allahمَفْعُولًاaccomplished37
مَّاNotكَانَ(there can) beعَلَىuponٱلنَّبِىِّthe Prophetمِنْanyحَرَجٍdiscomfortفِيمَاin whatفَرَضَAllah has imposedٱللَّهُAllah has imposedلَهُۥon himسُنَّةَ(That is the) Wayٱللَّهِ(of) Allahفِىconcerningٱلَّذِينَthose whoخَلَوْا۟passed awayمِنbeforeقَبْلُbeforeوَكَانَAnd isأَمْرُ(the) Commandٱللَّهِ(of) Allahقَدَرًاa decreeمَّقْدُورًاdestined38
ٱلَّذِينَThose whoيُبَلِّغُونَconveyرِسَٰلَٰتِ(the) Messagesٱللَّهِ(of) Allahوَيَخْشَوْنَهُۥand fear Himوَلَاand (do) notيَخْشَوْنَfearأَحَدًاanyoneإِلَّاexceptٱللَّهَAllahوَكَفَىٰAnd sufficient is AllahبِٱللَّهِAnd sufficient is Allahحَسِيبًا(as) a Reckoner39
مَّاNotكَانَisمُحَمَّدٌMuhammadأَبَآ(the) fatherأَحَدٍ(of) anyoneمِّنofرِّجَالِكُمْyour menوَلَٰكِنbutرَّسُولَ(he is the) Messengerٱللَّهِ(of) Allahوَخَاتَمَand Sealٱلنَّبِيِّۦنَ(of) the ProphetsوَكَانَAnd Allah isٱللَّهُAnd Allah isبِكُلِّof everyشَىْءٍthingعَلِيمًاAll-Knower40
يَٰٓأَيُّهَاO you who believeٱلَّذِينَO you who believeءَامَنُوا۟O you who believeٱذْكُرُوا۟RememberٱللَّهَAllahذِكْرًا(with) remembranceكَثِيرًاmuch41
هُوَHeٱلَّذِى(is) the One Whoيُصَلِّىsends His blessingsعَلَيْكُمْupon youوَمَلَٰٓئِكَتُهُۥand His Angelsلِيُخْرِجَكُمso that He may bring you outمِّنَfromٱلظُّلُمَٰتِthe darkness[es]إِلَىtoٱلنُّورِthe lightوَكَانَAnd He isبِٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَto the believersرَحِيمًاMerciful43
تَحِيَّتُهُمْTheir greetingsيَوْمَ(on the) Dayيَلْقَوْنَهُۥthey will meet Himسَلَٰمٌ(will be), "Peaceوَأَعَدَّand He has preparedلَهُمْfor themأَجْرًاa rewardكَرِيمًاnoble44
يَٰٓأَيُّهَاO ProphetٱلنَّبِىُّO ProphetإِنَّآIndeed, Weأَرْسَلْنَٰكَhave sent youشَٰهِدًا(as) a witnessوَمُبَشِّرًاand a bearer of glad tidingsوَنَذِيرًاand (as) a warner45
وَدَاعِيًاAnd as one who invitesإِلَىtoٱللَّهِAllahبِإِذْنِهِۦby His permissionوَسِرَاجًاand (as) a lampمُّنِيرًاilluminating46
وَبَشِّرِAnd give glad tidingsٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ(to) the believersبِأَنَّthatلَهُمfor themمِّنَ(is) fromٱللَّهِAllahفَضْلًاa Bountyكَبِيرًاgreat47
وَلَاAnd (do) notتُطِعِobeyٱلْكَٰفِرِينَthe disbelieversوَٱلْمُنَٰفِقِينَand the hypocritesوَدَعْand disregardأَذَىٰهُمْtheir harmوَتَوَكَّلْand put your trustعَلَىinٱللَّهِAllahوَكَفَىٰAnd sufficient is AllahبِٱللَّهِAnd sufficient is Allahوَكِيلًا(as) a Trustee48
يَٰٓأَيُّهَاO you who believeٱلَّذِينَO you who believeءَامَنُوٓا۟O you who believeإِذَاWhenنَكَحْتُمُyou marryٱلْمُؤْمِنَٰتِbelieving womenثُمَّand thenطَلَّقْتُمُوهُنَّdivorce themمِنbeforeقَبْلِbeforeأَن[that]تَمَسُّوهُنَّyou have touched themفَمَاthen notلَكُمْfor youعَلَيْهِنَّon themمِنْanyعِدَّةٍwaiting periodتَعْتَدُّونَهَا(to) count concerning themفَمَتِّعُوهُنَّSo provide for themوَسَرِّحُوهُنَّand release themسَرَاحًا(with) a releaseجَمِيلًاgood49
يَٰٓأَيُّهَاO ProphetٱلنَّبِىُّO ProphetإِنَّآIndeed, Weأَحْلَلْنَا[We] have made lawfulلَكَto youأَزْوَٰجَكَyour wivesٱلَّٰتِىٓ(to) whomءَاتَيْتَyou have givenأُجُورَهُنَّtheir bridal moneyوَمَاand whomمَلَكَتْyou rightfully possessيَمِينُكَyou rightfully possessمِمَّآfrom those (whom)أَفَآءَAllah has givenٱللَّهُAllah has givenعَلَيْكَto youوَبَنَاتِand (the) daughtersعَمِّكَ(of) your paternal unclesوَبَنَاتِand (the) daughtersعَمَّٰتِكَ(of) your paternal auntsوَبَنَاتِand (the) daughtersخَالِكَ(of) your maternal unclesوَبَنَاتِand (the) daughtersخَٰلَٰتِكَ(of) your maternal auntsٱلَّٰتِىwhoهَاجَرْنَemigratedمَعَكَwith youوَٱمْرَأَةًand a womanمُّؤْمِنَةًbelievingإِنifوَهَبَتْshe givesنَفْسَهَاherselfلِلنَّبِىِّto the Prophetإِنْifأَرَادَwishesٱلنَّبِىُّthe Prophetأَنtoيَسْتَنكِحَهَاmarry her خَالِصَةًonlyلَّكَfor youمِنexcludingدُونِexcludingٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَthe believersقَدْCertainlyعَلِمْنَاWe knowمَاwhatفَرَضْنَاWe have made obligatoryعَلَيْهِمْupon themفِىٓconcerningأَزْوَٰجِهِمْtheir wivesوَمَاand whomمَلَكَتْthey rightfully possessأَيْمَٰنُهُمْthey rightfully possessلِكَيْلَاthat notيَكُونَshould beعَلَيْكَon youحَرَجٌany discomfortوَكَانَAnd Allah isٱللَّهُAnd Allah isغَفُورًاOft-ForgivingرَّحِيمًاMost Merciful50
تُرْجِىYou may deferمَنwhomتَشَآءُyou willمِنْهُنَّof themوَتُـْٔوِىٓor you may takeإِلَيْكَto yourselfمَنwhomتَشَآءُyou willوَمَنِAnd whoeverٱبْتَغَيْتَyou desireمِمَّنْof those whomعَزَلْتَyou (had) set aside فَلَاthen (there is) noجُنَاحَblameعَلَيْكَupon youذَٰلِكَThatأَدْنَىٰٓ(is) more suitableأَنthatتَقَرَّmay be cooledأَعْيُنُهُنَّtheir eyesوَلَاand notيَحْزَنَّthey grieveوَيَرْضَيْنَand they may be pleasedبِمَآwith whatءَاتَيْتَهُنَّyou have given them كُلُّهُنَّall of themوَٱللَّهُAnd Allahيَعْلَمُknowsمَاwhatفِى(is) inقُلُوبِكُمْyour heartsوَكَانَAnd Allah isٱللَّهُAnd Allah isعَلِيمًاAll-KnowerحَلِيمًاMost Forbearing51
لَّا(It is) notيَحِلُّlawfulلَكَfor youٱلنِّسَآءُ(to marry) womenمِنۢafter (this)بَعْدُafter (this)وَلَآand notأَنtoتَبَدَّلَexchangeبِهِنَّthemمِنْforأَزْوَٰجٍ(other) wivesوَلَوْeven ifأَعْجَبَكَpleases youحُسْنُهُنَّtheir beautyإِلَّاexceptمَاwhomمَلَكَتْyou rightfully possessيَمِينُكَyou rightfully possessوَكَانَAnd Allah isٱللَّهُAnd Allah isعَلَىٰoverكُلِّallشَىْءٍthingsرَّقِيبًاan Observer52
يَٰٓأَيُّهَاO you who believeٱلَّذِينَO you who believeءَامَنُوا۟O you who believeلَا(Do) notتَدْخُلُوا۟enterبُيُوتَ(the) housesٱلنَّبِىِّ(of) the Prophetإِلَّآexceptأَنwhenيُؤْذَنَpermission is givenلَكُمْto youإِلَىٰforطَعَامٍa mealغَيْرَwithoutنَٰظِرِينَawaitingإِنَىٰهُits preparationوَلَٰكِنْButإِذَاwhenدُعِيتُمْyou are invitedفَٱدْخُلُوا۟then enterفَإِذَاand whenطَعِمْتُمْyou have eatenفَٱنتَشِرُوا۟then disperseوَلَاand notمُسْتَـْٔنِسِينَseeking to remainلِحَدِيثٍfor a conversationإِنَّIndeedذَٰلِكُمْthatكَانَwasيُؤْذِىtroublingٱلنَّبِىَّthe Prophetفَيَسْتَحْىِۦand he is shyمِنكُمْof (dismissing) youوَٱللَّهُBut Allahلَاis not shyيَسْتَحْىِۦis not shyمِنَofٱلْحَقِّthe truthوَإِذَاAnd whenسَأَلْتُمُوهُنَّyou ask themمَتَٰعًا(for) anythingفَسْـَٔلُوهُنَّthen ask themمِنfromوَرَآءِbehindحِجَابٍa screenذَٰلِكُمْThatأَطْهَرُ(is) purerلِقُلُوبِكُمْfor your heartsوَقُلُوبِهِنَّand their heartsوَمَاAnd notكَانَisلَكُمْfor youأَنthatتُؤْذُوا۟you troubleرَسُولَ(the) Messengerٱللَّهِ(of) Allahوَلَآand notأَنthatتَنكِحُوٓا۟you should marryأَزْوَٰجَهُۥhis wivesمِنۢafter himبَعْدِهِۦٓafter himأَبَدًاeverإِنَّIndeedذَٰلِكُمْthatكَانَisعِندَnearٱللَّهِAllahعَظِيمًاan enormity53
إِنWhetherتُبْدُوا۟you revealشَيْـًٔاa thingأَوْorتُخْفُوهُconceal itفَإِنَّindeedٱللَّهَAllahكَانَisبِكُلِّof allشَىْءٍthingsعَلِيمًاAll-Knower54
لَّا(There is) noجُنَاحَblameعَلَيْهِنَّupon themفِىٓconcerningءَابَآئِهِنَّtheir fathersوَلَآand notأَبْنَآئِهِنَّtheir sonsوَلَآand notإِخْوَٰنِهِنَّtheir brothersوَلَآand notأَبْنَآءِsonsإِخْوَٰنِهِنَّ(of) their brothersوَلَآand notأَبْنَآءِsonsأَخَوَٰتِهِنَّ(of) their sistersوَلَاand notنِسَآئِهِنَّtheir womenوَلَاand notمَاwhatمَلَكَتْthey rightfully possessأَيْمَٰنُهُنَّthey rightfully possessوَٱتَّقِينَAnd fearٱللَّهَAllahإِنَّIndeedٱللَّهَAllahكَانَisعَلَىٰoverكُلِّallشَىْءٍthingsشَهِيدًاa Witness55
إِنَّIndeedٱللَّهَAllahوَمَلَٰٓئِكَتَهُۥand His Angelsيُصَلُّونَsend blessingsعَلَىuponٱلنَّبِىِّthe ProphetيَٰٓأَيُّهَاO you who believeٱلَّذِينَO you who believeءَامَنُوا۟O you who believeصَلُّوا۟Send blessingsعَلَيْهِon himوَسَلِّمُوا۟and greet himتَسْلِيمًا(with) greetings56
إِنَّIndeedٱلَّذِينَthose whoيُؤْذُونَannoyٱللَّهَAllahوَرَسُولَهُۥand His MessengerلَعَنَهُمُAllah has cursed themٱللَّهُAllah has cursed themفِىinٱلدُّنْيَاthe worldوَٱلْءَاخِرَةِand the Hereafterوَأَعَدَّand preparedلَهُمْfor themعَذَابًاa punishmentمُّهِينًاhumiliating57
وَٱلَّذِينَAnd those whoيُؤْذُونَharmٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَthe believing menوَٱلْمُؤْمِنَٰتِand the believing womenبِغَيْرِfor other thanمَاwhatٱكْتَسَبُوا۟they have earnedفَقَدِthen certainlyٱحْتَمَلُوا۟they bearبُهْتَٰنًاfalse accusationوَإِثْمًاand sinمُّبِينًاmanifest58
يَٰٓأَيُّهَاO ProphetٱلنَّبِىُّO ProphetقُلSayلِّأَزْوَٰجِكَto your wivesوَبَنَاتِكَand your daughtersوَنِسَآءِand (the) womenٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَ(of) the believersيُدْنِينَto drawعَلَيْهِنَّover themselvesمِن[of]جَلَٰبِيبِهِنَّtheir outer garmentsذَٰلِكَThatأَدْنَىٰٓ(is) more suitableأَنthatيُعْرَفْنَthey should be knownفَلَاand notيُؤْذَيْنَharmedوَكَانَAnd isٱللَّهُAllahغَفُورًاOft-ForgivingرَّحِيمًاMost Merciful59
لَّئِنIfلَّمْ(do) notيَنتَهِceaseٱلْمُنَٰفِقُونَthe hypocritesوَٱلَّذِينَand those whoفِىinقُلُوبِهِمtheir heartsمَّرَضٌ(is) a diseaseوَٱلْمُرْجِفُونَand those who spread rumorsفِىinٱلْمَدِينَةِthe cityلَنُغْرِيَنَّكَWe will let you overpower themبِهِمْWe will let you overpower themثُمَّthenلَاnotيُجَاوِرُونَكَthey will remain your neighborsفِيهَآthereinإِلَّاexceptقَلِيلًا(for) a little60
مَّلْعُونِينَAccursedأَيْنَمَاwhereverثُقِفُوٓا۟they are foundأُخِذُوا۟they are seizedوَقُتِّلُوا۟and massacred completelyتَقْتِيلًاand massacred completely61
سُنَّةَ(Such is the) Wayٱللَّهِ(of) Allahفِىwithٱلَّذِينَthose whoخَلَوْا۟passed awayمِنbeforeقَبْلُbeforeوَلَنand neverتَجِدَyou will findلِسُنَّةِin (the) Wayٱللَّهِ(of) Allahتَبْدِيلًاany change62
يَسْـَٔلُكَAsk youٱلنَّاسُthe peopleعَنِaboutٱلسَّاعَةِthe HourقُلْSayإِنَّمَاOnlyعِلْمُهَاits knowledgeعِندَ(is) withٱللَّهِAllahوَمَاAnd whatيُدْرِيكَwill make you knowلَعَلَّPerhapsٱلسَّاعَةَthe Hourتَكُونُisقَرِيبًاnear63
إِنَّIndeedٱللَّهَAllahلَعَنَhas cursedٱلْكَٰفِرِينَthe disbelieversوَأَعَدَّand has preparedلَهُمْfor themسَعِيرًاa Blaze64
خَٰلِدِينَAbidingفِيهَآthereinأَبَدًاforeverلَّاnotيَجِدُونَthey will findوَلِيًّاany protectorوَلَاand notنَصِيرًاany helper65
يَوْمَ(The) Dayتُقَلَّبُwill be turned aboutوُجُوهُهُمْtheir facesفِىinٱلنَّارِthe Fireيَقُولُونَthey will sayيَٰلَيْتَنَآO we wishأَطَعْنَاwe (had) obeyedٱللَّهَAllahوَأَطَعْنَاand obeyedٱلرَّسُولَاthe Messenger66
وَقَالُوا۟And they will sayرَبَّنَآOur LordإِنَّآIndeed, weأَطَعْنَا[we] obeyedسَادَتَنَاour chiefsوَكُبَرَآءَنَاand our great menفَأَضَلُّونَاand they misled usٱلسَّبِيلَا(from) the Way67
رَبَّنَآOur LordءَاتِهِمْGive themضِعْفَيْنِdoubleمِنَ[of]ٱلْعَذَابِpunishmentوَٱلْعَنْهُمْand curse themلَعْنًا(with) a curseكَبِيرًاgreat68
يَٰٓأَيُّهَاO you who believeٱلَّذِينَO you who believeءَامَنُوا۟O you who believeلَا(Do) notتَكُونُوا۟beكَٱلَّذِينَlike those whoءَاذَوْا۟abusedمُوسَىٰMusaفَبَرَّأَهُthen Allah cleared himٱللَّهُthen Allah cleared himمِمَّاof whatقَالُوا۟they saidوَكَانَAnd he wasعِندَnearٱللَّهِAllahوَجِيهًاhonorable69
يَٰٓأَيُّهَاO you who believeٱلَّذِينَO you who believeءَامَنُوا۟O you who believeٱتَّقُوا۟FearٱللَّهَAllahوَقُولُوا۟and speakقَوْلًاa wordسَدِيدًاright70
يُصْلِحْHe will amendلَكُمْfor youأَعْمَٰلَكُمْyour deedsوَيَغْفِرْand forgiveلَكُمْfor youذُنُوبَكُمْyour sinsوَمَنAnd whoeverيُطِعِobeysٱللَّهَAllahوَرَسُولَهُۥand His Messengerفَقَدْcertainlyفَازَhas attainedفَوْزًاan attainmentعَظِيمًاgreat71
إِنَّاIndeed, Weعَرَضْنَا[We] offeredٱلْأَمَانَةَthe Trustعَلَىtoٱلسَّمَٰوَٰتِthe heavensوَٱلْأَرْضِand the earthوَٱلْجِبَالِand the mountainsفَأَبَيْنَbut they refusedأَنtoيَحْمِلْنَهَاbear itوَأَشْفَقْنَand they fearedمِنْهَاfrom itوَحَمَلَهَاbut bore itٱلْإِنسَٰنُthe manإِنَّهُۥIndeed, heكَانَwasظَلُومًاunjustجَهُولًاignorant72
لِّيُعَذِّبَSo that Allah may punishٱللَّهُSo that Allah may punishٱلْمُنَٰفِقِينَthe hypocrite menوَٱلْمُنَٰفِقَٰتِand the hypocrite womenوَٱلْمُشْرِكِينَand the polytheist menوَٱلْمُشْرِكَٰتِand the polytheist womenوَيَتُوبَand Allah will turn (in Mercy)ٱللَّهُand Allah will turn (in Mercy)عَلَىtoٱلْمُؤْمِنِينَthe believing menوَٱلْمُؤْمِنَٰتِand the believing womenوَكَانَAnd Allah isٱللَّهُAnd Allah isغَفُورًاOft-ForgivingرَّحِيمًۢاMost Merciful73
Grammar and morphology data based on the Quranic Arabic Corpus. Source: corpus.quran.com. Copyright Kais Dukes.